动车组牵引与辅助供电的综合直流系统

以"复兴号"为代表的动车组装备的批量运用,标志着我国动车组技术已达到世界先进水平。铁路运营商对列车持续提出更高需求,包括智能化、节能高效和应急走行等;同时以碳化硅器件为代表的第三代半导体器件日渐成熟,渗透率不断提升。在新需求和新器件的双重背景下,对既有变流装置进行单点优化改造虽可行,但牵引系统和辅助供电系统的全局优化空间有限,在充分发挥碳化硅器件优势方面尤其捉襟见肘。从电能利用的本质和列车的原始需求出发,重新审视列车既有的牵引系统和辅助供电系统,提出一种面向未来动车组的综合直流系统。该系统由3级直流母线即高压、中压和低压直流母线构成主干网,牵引变压器和四象限整流器、牵引逆变器、辅助变流器、蓄电池充电机、储能装置以及其他各种类型电气设备都作为电源或负载接入各等级直流母线。动车组牵引与辅助供电的综合直流系统具备诸多优点,包括显著提升系统灵活性、更高效和便利储能设备接入等。充分发挥新一代碳化硅器件的优势,是一种融合牵引系统和辅助供电系统的统一平台。

Integrated DC System of Traction and Auxiliary Power Supply for Electrical Multiple Units

The Fuxing Electrical Multiple Unit (EMU) trains in commercial service mark an important step of China''s railway industry, and show that China is one of leading country in HSR technology. Higher performance and more requirements of the train are proposed by the railway operator, such as intelligent equipment, higher efficiency, self-powered traction. And recently silicon carbide (SiC) power devices are developing fast, the permeability increasing. Although making improvement on single equipment is feasible, the optimization of the traction system and the auxiliary power supply system is always limited and the advantage of the SiC device is not fully exerted. Reevaluating the basic demands and the electrical energy conversion of the trains, a new integrated DC system for future EMU is proposed as an alternative of existing traction system and auxiliary power supply system. The integrated DC system consist of three level DC buses which are high voltage (HV) bus, median voltage (MV) bus and low voltage(LV) bus. The four-quadrant rectifiers with traction transformers, traction inverters, auxiliary converter, battery charger and all the other equipment connected into the three level DC buses respectively. The integrated DC system serving as a brand new power converting and distribution platform has several advantages such as flexibility enhancing, more energy-saving, convenience for energy storage equipment integrated and giving full play to the potential of SiC devices.