下水式钢丝绳卷扬垂直提升升船机水力特性研究综述

下水式升船机可适应较大的水位变幅及较快的水位变率.我国中西部地区河流具有水量及水位随季节变化大、河势狭窄等特点，因此下水式升船机有较广阔的应用前景.主要针对岩滩、构皮滩升船机的研究成果，首先总结了下水式钢丝绳卷扬垂直提升升船机的特点、运行方式、船厢出入水过程中所涉及到的水动力特性；其次，概述了船厢出入水过程中船厢内以及船池内水体的波动特性，以及前人所进行的理论分析及公式推导；最后，综述了船厢出入水时，前人关于船厢附加水动力荷载产生机理的探讨以及为降低附加水动力荷载而采取的工程措施及其效果，总结了相关的经验公式.此外，提出了下一阶段需要研究的重点问题，如船厢出入水过程升船机水动力特性规律性的研究；数值模拟计算研究；结合物理模型，深入探讨船厢受力、船厢运行平稳性以及提升系统荷载的变化特性等.

Review of hydraulic characteristics of the wirerope-hoisting chamber-launching vertical ship lift

The chamber-launching ship lift can adapt to the larger water level range and the faster variable rate of water level. The rivers in central and western region in China have the characteristics of larger changes in water yield and water level with the seasons and straitness of the river regime， thus the chamber-launching ship lift has broad application prospect. Based on the researchs of Yantan and Goupitan ship lift， the paper summarizes the wirerope-hoisting chamber-launching vertical ship lift′s characteristics， operation mode and hydrodynamic characteristics in process of the ship chamber sinking into or going out of water. And then， the paper gives a brief account of water fluctuation characteristics in the ship chamber and the ship chamber pool， and expounds the former′s theoretical analysis and formula derivation； moreover， the paper sums up the mechanism of the ship chamber′s additional load when the ship chamber sinking into or going out of water and some engineering measures to reduce the additional load， and introduces some related empirical formulae. In addition， the paper points out the focus of research in the next phase: the systematism and continuity of the hydrodynamic characteristics should be paied more attention to； the method of numerical simulation also should be strengthen； and a thorough investigation into the ship chamber stress， ship chamber operational safety and variation characteristics of the hoisting system in combination with model tests should be carried out.