Cis-trans isomerization of oleic,linoleic and linolenic acids |
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Authors: | Carter Litchfield J. E. Lord A. F. Isbell Raymond Reiser |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Biochemistry & Nutrition, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station, Texas;(2) Present address: Dept. of Chemistry, A & M College of Texas, College Station, Texas |
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Abstract: | The equilibrium composition ofcis andtrans isomers obtained by isomerizing oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids with selenium or nitrous acid has been studied using gas chromatography and infrared spectroscopy. The oleic/elaidic equilibrium mixture was found to contain 75–80% elaidic acid instead of the generally accepted 66% value. It is felt that the greater accuracy of gas chromatography and infrared analyses over older methods allows this equilibrium to be defined with greater precision. Similar studies on thecis-trans isomerization of linoleic and linolenic acids indicated that their equilibrium mixtures also contained 75–80%trans double bonds. With linoleic acid, thesetrans bonds were shown to be randomly distributed among the double bonds present. Cis-trans isomerization of linoleic or linolenic acids with selenium produced by-products having elution times equivalent to 18∶2, 18∶1, and 18∶0 on a gas chromatograph. No such by-products were observed when oleic acid was isomerized. Apparently some type of hydrogen-transfer reaction accompanies thecis-trans isomerization of polyunsaturated acids with selenium. Presented at the AOCS meeting in Toronto, Canada, 1962. |
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