太原市冬季PM2.5中多环芳烃、硝基多环芳烃、SO4^2-和NO3^-的污染特征

以太原市2013年冬季大气细颗粒物（PM2.5）为研究对象，定性与定量分析了其中多环芳烃（PAHs）、硝基多环芳烃（NPAHs）、硫酸盐（SO4^2-）和硝酸盐（NO3^-）的浓度及其昼夜变化。采用特征比值法分析了PAHs、SO4^2-和NO3^-的来源，并通过PEFs毒性评价法评价了PM2．5中PAHs的BaP等效毒性，估算出个体致癌指数。结果显示，太原市PM：，中16种PAHS总含量、3种NPAHs总含量及SO4^2-和NO3^-含量分别在102—153ng／m^3、0．41—0．镐ng／rnj、4．89—5．87o,g／m^3和1．69—1．71p,g／m。范围内，且其夜间浓度均高于白天。PAHs的BaP等效毒性和个体致癌指数超过标准值。结果提示，太原市PM25中PAHs、NPAHs、SO4^2-和NO3^-污染主要是由于燃料燃烧和固定源引起的，且颗粒物上的PAHs浓度高，对人体健康有潜在的风险。

Pollution Characteristics of PM2.5 PAHs,NPAHs, SO42-and NO3-in Wintertime in Taiyuan City

The concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （ PAHs ）, nitrated PAHs （ NPAHs ）, sulfate （ SO12 - ） and nitrate （ NO3 ） in wintertime ambient fine particles （PM2.5 ） in Taiyuan and their diurnal variation are studied. The possible sources of PAHs, NPAHs, SOl- and NO3- are estimated by specific values. The BaP equivalent toxicity of PAHs in the particulate matter is evaluated by the PEFs, and the individual carcinogenieity index is calculated. The result shows that the total contents of the 16 PAHs, 3 NPAHs, SO]- and NO3- in atmospheric particles in Taiyuan are in the range of 102 - 153 ng/m3 ,0.41 - 0. 48 ng/m3 ,4.89 N 5. 87 μg/m3 and 1.69 - 1.71 μg/m3 respectively. Their concentrations in night -time are higher than in day - time. The BaPeq and the individual carcinogenic index of PAHs exeeeds the standard values. It is suggested that fuel consumption and stationary sources are the main sources of PM2.5 pollutant in Taiyuan and PM2.5 -bound PAHs pose a potential threat to human health.