我国河流生态护岸建设及相关问题探讨

本文回顾了国外生态护岸技术的发展概况,分阶段阐述了我国自20世纪90年代引入生态护岸技术以来的发展历程与应用实践。总结了我国生态护岸建设相关规程的制定状况,具体分析了生态格网、土工合成材料、生态混凝土等生态护岸材料在产品标准、设计规程、工程管理等方面存在的问题。阐述了生态护岸植被建设存在的护岸植物品种及群落结构单一,植被选取缺少调查与论证,护岸植被类型未能与河道特点和护岸功能相适应等问题。从生态护岸技术标准制定、生态护岸植物名录制定、传统硬质护岸改造三个方面给出了我国河流生态护岸建设的建议。

Construction of river eco-revetment in China and discussion on related problems

The development status of the overseas river eco-revetment technology is reviewed herein，and then the development history and application practice of the eco-revetment since it being introduced into China in the 1990s is expatiated herein in stages. The status quo of constituting the relevant technical codes，regulations and specifications for the construction of the eco-revetment in China is summarized，in which the problems in the aspects of the product standards，design codes，construction management，etc. for the eco-mesh，geosynthetics，eco-concrete，etc. are specifically analyzed. Meanwhile，the problems in the construction of the eco-revetment vegetation，such as less plant varieties and community structures for the revetment vegetation，insufficient investigation and verification on vegetation selection，type of the revetment vegetation being not adaptable to both the characteristics of river channel and the function of revetment，etc.，are expounded. Finally，some proposals on the construction of river eco-revetment in China are also put forward from the aspects of the constitution of the technical standards for eco-revetment，the establishment of the plant directory for the eco-revetment and the improvement of the conventional hard revetment.