成立国家天然气管道公司的必要性及实施建议

目前,我国天然气产业加速发展仍受制于运输和销售捆绑、管道不能公平无歧视向第三方开放、管输价格水平普遍偏高等因素的影响,管网改革已迫在眉睫。为此,研究了我国和国外发达国家天然气管道发展现状、管理体制机制运行情况以及所存在的差异和问题,结论认为:成立国家天然气管道公司将有助于尽早实现天然气市场化定价、降低管道运输价格水平、促进天然气应用规模扩大、增强管网系统调峰和应急保供能力,是我国天然气管网独立改革的最优选项。结合我国国情,建议从以下9个方面着手改革:(1)分阶段完成国家天然气管道公司的建立;(2)尽早强制推行运销分离;(3)明确纳入国家管道公司的管道范围;(4)改革管道建设审批和管理机制;(5)严格国家天然气管道公司成本监审、严控收益水平;(6)相关部门给予政策支持;(7)加快储气调峰设施建设;(8)实施新气源项目配套管道代建回购机制;(9)加强国家管道公司安全高效运营机制研究。

Necessity for establishing a state-owned natural gas pipeline company and proposals

At present, the rapid development of China's natural gas industry is still restricted by several factors. For example, gas transportation and marketing are bound together, the pipeline is not fairly accessible to the third party and the pipeline transportation price is generally higher. Therefore, pipeline network reformation is extremely urgent. In this paper, development status, management systems/mechanisms and existing issues of natural gas pipelines in China and some developed countries around the world were investigated. It was proposed that a state-owned natural gas pipeline company is an optimal option for the independence of natural gas pipeline network in China, since it is conducive to the realization of market-based natural gas pricing, the reduction of pipeline transportation price, the enlargement of natural gas application scale and the improvement of pipeline peak shaving and emergent supply capacity. In view of the situations in China, it is recommended to implement the reformation from the following aspects. First, establish a state-owned natural gas pipeline company step by step. Second, separate the gas marketing from the gas transportation compulsorily as soon as possible. Third, put it in the pipeline scope of the state-owned pipeline company definitely. Fourth, reform the pipeline construction examination & approval and management mechanisms. Fifth, monitor and inspect the cost of the state-owned pipeline company and control its income level strictly. Sixth, get policy support from relevant authorities. Seventh, speed up the construction of peak-shaving gas storage facilities. Eighth, conduct agent-construction and buy-back mechanism of supporting pipelines for new gas source projects. And ninth, strengthen the study on high-efficiency safe operation mechanisms of the state-owned pipeline company.