四川盆地长宁区块页岩气水平井地质目标关键技术参数优化

近年来,针对四川盆地上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组在页岩气地质评价、工程试验和开发优化研究等方面均取得了较大的进展,初步掌握了页岩气开采主体技术,并在焦石坝、长宁、威远等区块实现了规模建产。为了给类似页岩气水平井的开发设计提供技术参考,以长宁区块五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气井为研究对象,采取地质与工程相结合、动态与静态相结合、统计分析与模拟预测相结合的技术手段,量化页岩气井产能主控因素,建立页岩气井产量预测模型,优化该区块页岩气水平井巷道方位、巷道位置、巷道间距、水平段长度以及气井生产指标等地质目标关键技术参数。结论认为:(1)水平段方位与最大主应力和裂缝发育方向之间的夹角最大、水平井巷道位于最优质页岩内、水平段钻揭Ⅰ类储层长度超过1 000 m,是页岩气井获得高产的基础;(2)水平井的井筒完整、优选低黏滑溜水+陶粒压裂工艺造复杂缝是页岩气井获得高产的保障。依据该研究成果形成了长宁区块页岩气开发的技术政策,指导了该区块页岩气的开发建产,也为类似区块页岩气水平井的开发设计提供了借鉴。

Optimization on the key parameters of geologic target of shale-gas horizontal wells in Changning Block,Sichuan Basin

In recent years, great progress has been made in geologic evaluation, engineering test and development optimization of the Lower Cambrian Wufeng Fm–Lower Silurian Longmaxi Fm shale gas in the Sichuan Basin, and the main shale gas exploitation technologies have been understood preliminarily. In addition, scale productivity construction has been completed in Jiaoshiba, Changning and Weiyuan blocks. In this paper, the Wufeng Fm–Longmaxi Fm shale gas wells in Changning Block were taken as the study object to provide technical reference for the development design of similar shale-gas horizontal wells. The technology combining geology with engineering, dynamic with static, and statistical analysis with simulation prediction was applied to quantify the main factors controlling shale-gas well productivity, develop the shale-gas well production prediction model, and optimize the key technical parameters of geologic target of shale-gas horizontal wells in the block (e.g. roadway orientation, location and spacing, horizontal section length and gas well production index). In order to realize high productivity of shale gas wells, it is necessary to maximize the included angle between the horizontal section orientation and the maximum major stress and fracture development direction, deploy horizontal-well roadway in top-quality shale layers, and drill the horizontal section in type I reservoirs over 1 000 m long. It is concluded that high productivity of shale gas wells is guaranteed by the horizontal-well wellbore integrity and the optimized low-viscosity slickwater and ceramsite fracturing technology for complex fracture creation. Based on the research results, the technical policies for shale gas development of Changning Block are prepared and a guidance and reference are provided for the shale gas development and productivity construction in the block and the development design of similar shale-gas horizontal wells.