元坝气田超深酸性气藏钻完井关键技术

四川盆地元坝气田是近年来中石化发现的一个大型气田,是继普光气田之后天然气增储上产的又一个重点探区。元坝气田超深酸性气藏地质构造复杂,储层埋藏深,钻遇地层复杂,特别是陆相深部地层,属于高研磨性地层,机械钻速慢,钻井周期长。为此,经过多年的钻井实践和技术攻关,引进新工具、新技术,研制专用钻头,优化钻井设计,形成了针对该气藏的6项钻完井关键技术:(1)保证提速、安全完井作业的井身结构优化技术;(2)陆相上部地层气体钻井、陆相深部高研磨地层钻井提效技术体系;(3)气液转换、超深大斜度井及水平井润滑减阻、井壁稳定控制及防酸性气体污染技术等钻井液配套技术;(4)气体介质条件下固井、深井长封固段固井及超高压小间隙固井技术系列;(5)完善了以测量仪器、动力钻具优选及钻具组合设计等水平井井眼轨迹控制技术;(6)适合该气藏衬管完井方式和完井管柱优选技术。现场应用效果表明,系列关键技术有效地解决了机械钻速慢的难题,大幅度缩短了作业周期,实现了7 000 m井深水平井的提速提效的目标。

Key technologies for well drilling and completion in ultra-deep sour gas reservoirs,Yuanba Gasfield,Sichuan Basin

The Yuanba Gasfield is a large gas field discovered by Sinopec in the Sichuan Basin in recent years, and another main explorationarea for natural gas reserves and production increase after the Puguang Gasfield. The ultra-deep sour gas reservoir in the Yuanba Gasfield is characterized by complicated geologic structure, deep reservoirs and complex drilled formation, especially in the continental deep strata which are highly abrasive with low ROP (rate of penetration) and long drilling period. After many years of drilling practice and technical research, the following six key drilling and completion technologies for this type reservoir are established by introducing new tools and technologies, developing specialized drill bits and optimizing drilling design. They are: casing program optimization technologyfor ROP increasing and safe well completion; gas drilling technology for shallow continental strata and high-efficiency drilling technology for deep high-abrasion continental strata; drilling fluid support technologies of gas–liquid conversion, ultra-deep highly-deviatedwells and horizontal-well lubrication and drag reduction, hole stability control and sour gas contamination prevention; well cementingtechnologies for gas medium, deep-well long cementing intervals and ultra-high pressure small space; horizontal-well trajectory control technologies for measuring instrument, dynamic drilling tool optimization and bottomhole assembly design; and liner completion modes and completion string optimization technologies suitable for this gas reservoir. Field application shows that these key technologies are contributive to ROP increase and efficiency improvement of 7 000 m deep horizontal wells and to significant operational cycle shortening.