加工套筒零件两端中心孔的专用机床设计

用通用机床加工长套筒零件两端中心孔(台阶孔)时,需要手工调头、两次定位装夹,才能完成全部加工,加工效率低;由于存在定位误差,两孔之间同轴度很难保证.为了解决这个问题,作者分析了车削(镗削)加工台阶孔时,误差产生的原因;并设计了车削该台阶孔的专用机床:工件的旋转作为主运动,两把车刀从两端进给运动,分别车削两段台阶孔.加工原理符合基准统一原则,无定位误差,加工精度高、稳定性好;进给系统采用伺服电机驱动滚珠丝杠,自动化程度高,操作方便.其原理可用于类似零件的加工中.

The Design of the Special Machine-Tool which is Used to Cut Center Holes of a Quill Part

When the center holes (step holes) of a long quill part are machined in ordinary machine-tools. It is needed to change the direction of the part and to locate or hold the part two times by hand. So the efficiency is low. Because of the locating error of the part, it is difficult to assure the concentricity between the two holes. To solve this problem, The author analyzes the reasons why the errors are generated in turning (boring) and designs the special machine, in which the rotation of part is main movement and two tools feed from two directions respectively. Same base is used. When the holes are cut. There is no locating error. Therefore it is high and stable in accuracy. The servo motor and ball screw are used in feed system. The operation can be automation and convenient. This principle can be used in machining similar parts.