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New Orleans Levee System Performance during Hurricane Katrina: 17th Street Canal and Orleans Canal North |
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| Authors: | Inthuorn Sasanakul Wipawi Vanadit-Ellis Michael Sharp Tarek Abdoun Javier Ubilla Scott Steedman Kevin Stone |
| Affiliation: | 1Technical Manager, CEES Geotechnical Centrifuge Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St., Troy, NY 12180-3590 (corresponding author). E-mail: sasani@rpi.edu 2Acting Director, ERDC Centrifuge Research Center, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd., Vicksburg, MS 39180. E-mail: wipawi.vanadit-ellis@erdc.usace.army.mil 3Technical Director, Civil Works Infrastructure Engineer Research and Development Center, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd., Vicksburg MS 39180. E-mail: michael.k.sharp@erdc.usace.army.mil 4Associate Professor, Civil and Environmental Engineering Dept., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St., Troy, NY 12180-3590. E-mail: abdout@rpi.edu 5Research Engineer, CEES Geotechnical Centrifuge Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th St., Troy, NY 12180-3590. E-mail: ubilj@rpi.edu 6Director of Group Strategy, High-Point Rendel, 61 Southwark St., London SE1 1SA, UK. E-mail: s.steedman@highpointrendel.com 7Lecturer in Geotechnical Engineering, Univ. of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK. E-mail: kevin.stone@brighton.ac.uk |
| Abstract: | Centrifuge modeling of the 17th Street Canal and Orleans Canal North levees was performed in this study. During hurricane Katrina the levees on the 17th Street Canal failed, leading to breaches in the outfall canal in the city. Two mechanisms were observed in the centrifuge modeling that could cause a breach. First, a water-filled crack formed in front of the floodwall as the water in the canal rose above the top of the levee. The levees on the 17th Street Canal, which were supported on clay foundations, failed when this cracking led to a translational (sliding) failure in the clay layer commencing at the toe of the floodwall. The levees at Orleans Canal North, where failure did not occur, were also modeled to demonstrate that the model tests could successfully simulate failure and nonfailure conditions. The centrifuge model tests identified the importance of the crack formation in relation to the stability of the floodwall. These tests also confirmed that levee geometry, floodwall depth of penetration, and the underlying soil profile were all critical to the performance of the system under flood loading. |
| Keywords: | Centrifuge model Floods Levees Hurricanes Canals Louisiana |