大型超市安全疏散设计的初步研究

根据某大型超市的建筑设计方案以及人员分布情况,针对该超市各防火分区之间疏散楼梯分布不均 匀的问题,提出２种改进设计方案。一种是改进防火分区设置,在相邻防火分区之间设置共用楼梯,使得防火 分区的疏散宽度分布更均匀,另一种是缩小相关防火分区的面积从而增加一个防火分区。采用EVACNET４进行 计算机模拟,得到了３种疏散场景下人员疏散的时间。计算结果表明,当防火分区面积比较大时,疏散楼梯在 防火分区四周均匀分布有利于人员疏散;共用楼梯的设置,既有利于人员疏散,又可以提高楼梯的利用率;适 当减小防火分区的面积可以

Preliminary Study on Evacuation Design in Large Supermarke t

Based on the actual construction design project and the human distribution in some large supermarkets, two improved design projects are presented because the evacuation staircase width of the fire zones are not distributed symmetrically. One is the improvement to current fire zone design, making the distribution of evacuation staircase width more symmetrically by setting shared evacuation staircase. The other is to relocate the related fire zone, decrease the area of current fire zones and add one more fire zone. The occupant evacuation times of three evacuation scenarios are simulated by EVACNET4. Results show that when the fire zone area is large, to symmetrically distribute the evacuation staircase width of the fire zones is more effective for evacuation. Setting shared evacuation staircase will help for evacuation and improve the efficiency of using the staircase. Decreasing the fire zone area will shorten the evacuation distance, and the evacuation time will be reduced.