原型水轮机动态流量的测量与分析

作者提出一种装置在原型水轮机压力引水管道上的皮托管经差压应变传感器的电测方法,用以测量水轮机过渡过程中的动态流量变化规律;采用这种方法,首先在三座水电站中对原型水轮机各种过渡过程的动态流量变化规律进行了测量,并获得了较为满意的结果。结合实测结果,对水轮机动态流量与静态流量的关系、水轮机转速变化对动态流量变化规律的影响、水轮机动态流量变化规律与水轮机引水系统压力变化规律的关系以及过渡过程中水轮机动态效率的变化规律等,进行了理论分析.这些试验结果与理论分析结果,给进一步深入研究水轮机过渡过程以及与之相关的工程实际问题,提供了重要的依据。

The Measurement and Analysis of Dynamic Flow in Prototype Hydroturbines

The authors present an e'ectrical method by use of the pressure dif- ference transducer with the pitot tube which is installed in the pens- tock of prototype turbine to search for the law of dynamic flow unde(?) the transient conditions of hydroturbines. It is the first time to apply this method to three hydro stations in this country for seek the law of dynamic flow changes in varions transient conditions of prototype tur- bines and results are satisfactorily attained. On the basis of the fjeld testing results, this paper theoretically analyzes all its aspects as fol- lows: 1) the relation between the dynamic flow and static flow in the hydroturbines, 2) the effect of the speed change on the law of dynamic flow variation, 3) the relation between the pressure change in the pen- stock of hydroturbines and the dynamic flow change, and 4) the law of dynamic effeciency variation of hydroturbines. All the test results and theoretical analyses are the important bases for further studying the transient process of hydroturbines and corresponding practical engineer- ing problems.