复杂地表条件下二维地震资料连片处理技术——以敦煌盆地地震资料处理为例

受复杂构造活动的影响,敦煌盆地内地貌特征较为复杂,地形高差大,近地表速度横向变化快;环境噪音类型多,地下地质构造复杂。研究区内地震资料比较少,且分属多批次进行采集,资料分布范围广,激发方式和接收方式存在较大差异,给地震资料的处理和成像带来了许多困难。为了解决上述各种问题,在借鉴前人处理方法的基础上,通过资料的分析,利用复杂近地表校正技术、多域复合去噪技术、一致性处理技术和精确速度建模成像技术,探索建立了一套适用该区地震资料处理的方法和关键技术。

Techniques on splicing 2D seismic data processing in complex surface area: taking Dunhuang Basin in western China as an example

With the influences of complicated tectonic activities,some complex geological features are formed in Dunhuang Basin,which include large elevation differences,rapidly varied near-surface velocities,complicated environmental noises,and intricate subsurface geometries.Besides these features,all of the 2D seismic data were acquired in three batches and sporadically distributed in the whole Dunhuang Basin with different shooting and receiving parameters,causing some big obstacles in the data processing and imaging.In order to get better processing effects,the raw seismic data and the references of previous processing methods in similar surface areas were analyzed,and a systematic processing flow and some key techniques were established by the way of near-surface static correction,devolution,multi-domain noise attenuation,consistency,and accurate imaging,etc.These techniques are useful for future seismic data acquisition and processing in Dunhuang Basin.