页岩油泥催化热解研究

在管式反应器上，考察了页岩油泥在不同催化剂（ Al2 O3、K2 CO3、Fe2 O3）及比例（质量比为13、15、110）下的热解行为，着重研究了催化剂对产油率和热解油馏程的影响。结果表明：油泥催化热解效果良好，碳酸钾在15时，产油率达到44.08%，氧化铝在13时，产油率达到45.42%，与无催化剂相比，分别提高了28.97%和32.89%。对馏程的促进方面，氧化铁表现突出，在15和110时，均使得重、柴油含量下降，汽油含量上涨。催化热解是按碳正离子机理进行的，重质油发生裂化反应，烷烃出现聚合反应，均提高轻质油的产量。

Study on Catalytic Pyrolysis of Oil Shale Sludge

Aimed at studying on the relationship between catalysts and oil yield and boiling ranges,pyrolysis of oil shale sludge was carried out in a tubular electric furnace with different catalysts （ Al2 O3、K2 CO3 and Fe2 O3 ） and mixing ratios （ 1 3、1 5、1 10 ） . The results showed that the effect of catalytic pyrolysis of oil shale sludge was good,the addition of K2 CO3 at 1：5 leaded to the increase of the total oil yield up to 44. 08%, when the mass fraction of Al2 O3 in oil sludge was 33%,the yield of shale oil increased to 45. 42%. Compared with Catalyst-free,the oil yield respectively increased by 28. 97% and 32. 89%. In the aspect of catalysts im-proving the quality of shale oil,Fe2 O3 appeared stronger catalytic role than other metal oxides. When the mass fraction of Fe2 O3 in oil shale sludge was 10~20%,the yield of gasoline increased sharply. Catalytic pyrolysis is abide by carbocations mechanism. Both the cracking of heavy oil and polymerization of paraffin could im-prove the yield of gasolene.