社区保护生态环境的理论分析

论述了利用社区进行生态环境保护的可行性、必要性、适用性和手段性．环境保护问题本质上是个合作问题，而社区是一个能够促进人们之间合作的情境，因此利用社区进行生态环境保护具有可行性．与市场以及政府相比，社区具有独特的优势，利用社区进行生态环境保护具有必要性．根据“外部性”问题、技术的复杂性以及成本的高低等因素，社区在环境保护中的主要作用是生态公共地管理、社区环境卫生管理以及污染企业管理等．根据社区特点，利用社区进行生态环境保护的手段大体分为“人际主导型”模式以及“制度主导型”模式．

The Theoretical Analysis of Utilizing the Community to Protect Ecological Environment

This paper clarifies the four theoretical problems of utilizing the community to protect ecologi- cal environment. The issue of environmental protection in essence is cooperation, and the community is an environment that can stimulate collaboration among people, so utilizing the community to protect ecological environment is feasible. Compared with the market and the government, the community has a unique advantage. Therefore it＇s necessary to protect the ecological environment through the community. In the environmental protection field, according to the factors of ＂externality＂ problem, technical complexity and the cost, the community plays a main role in the ecological management, the community environmental sanitation management, the polluting enterprises management, etc. According to the features of the community, the measures of utilizing the community to protect ecological environment can be divided into the interpersonal-leading model and the system-leading model.