铁路钢轨与辙叉焊接工艺

高碳钢钢轨与高锰钢辙叉的焊接 ,属于异种金属材料的焊接 ,由于二者材料本身的焊接性都较差 ,而且所要求的焊接工艺差异甚大 ,所以给焊接带来很大的难度。本文采用手工电弧焊的方法 ,采用增加过渡层、U形坡口对称焊的方式 ,钢轨侧过渡层金属为Ni-Cr-Mo系材料 ,辙叉侧过渡层与焊缝金属为Mn -Cr -Ni系材料。首先堆焊过渡层 ,而后再将带有过渡层金属的钢轨和辙叉焊接在一起。另外采取了某些特殊焊接工艺措施 ,在高锰钢焊后无碳化物析出方面取得了突破性的进展 ,同时解决了高锰钢焊接时变形及焊接残余应力大的问题 ,成功地进行了钢轨与辙叉标准试件的焊接 ,经检验考核达到或超过了相关标准的技术要求

Welding of Railway Rail and Manganese Steel Frog

The shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) of a high manganese steel part as a frog of railway track to a high carbon steel part as rails of the railroad is the welding of dissimilar steel.It is difficult to weld them together,because the poor weldability of the two kinds of steels and their different requirements for welding technology.The SMAW method was used to solve those problems by increasing the thickness of the intermediate layers and using U groove symmetrical welding.The intermediate layer of rail sides was Ni Cr Mo alloy system,and that of frog side was Mn Cr Ni alloy system.All these materials were surfaced on the base metals at first,and then two pieces of base metals with intermediate layers were welded together.Other special procedures were used too.The test results indicated that the good welded joint was obtained and the carbides had not been precipitated.Meantime,the problems of welding deformation and residual stress was also solved.