考虑空驶里程优化的城轨车辆基地规模分配方法

为了量化城市轨道交通（以下简称为“城轨”）车辆基地规模对列车运营的影响,在建设规划阶段合理决策车辆基地规模,研究了单一线路下多车辆基地、多交路、多折返站条件下的车辆基地规模分配问题。首先,以列车空驶里程为优化目标,综合考虑不同首发模式,并面向列车运行的不同阶段构建混合整数线性规划模型。其次,以广州13号线远期规划为例验证所提出方法的有效性。最后,探讨了不同首发模式下车辆基地收发车方向、发车能力与折返站开启方案对空驶里程及规模分配结果的影响。研究结果表明:所提出的模型可快速获得经济节约型的车辆基地规模分配结果；此外,车辆基地收发车方向与发车能力对规模分配存在一定影响,不同首发模式下影响程度存在差别,折返站开启方案仅在均匀首发条件下可影响规模分配结果。研究结果为车辆基地规模分配决策提供了一种新的方法,可作为城轨车辆基地规模实际决策的依据。

Capacity design of depots considering optimization of deadhead mileage in urban rail transit

In order to quantify the impact of depot capacity on the operation of rolling stocks in urban rail transit and make appropriate decisions on the capacity design of depots in the planning stage, this paper investigates the depot capacity design in the conditions of multiple depots, service lines, and turn-back stations under a single line. First, a mixed-integer linear programming model was established for different operation phases of rolling stocks considering departure modes, with the deadhead mileage as the optimization objective. Then, the proposed model was validated by a case study of Guangzhou Metro Line 13. Finally, the effects of arrival and departure directions, departure capacity, and turn-back operations on the deadhead mileage and capacity design under different departure modes were discussed. Results showed that the cost-saving design of depot capacity could be quickly obtained by the proposed model. Additionally, the arrival and departure directions as well as the departure capacity had impact on the capacity design, and the extent of the impact varied depending on departure modes. While the turn-back operations affected the capacity design only in the case of uniform departure mode. The results in this paper provide a new method for the design of depot capacity, which can be used to support the decision of urban rail transit depot planning in practice.