累积撞击下船艏模型撞击力-撞深关系

近年来水运行业日新月异导致船桥碰撞事故频发，采用桥梁防撞设施虽能抵御船舶撞击作用，但仍缺少对船桥碰撞全过程的再现与量化分析。为绘制船艏在大变形情况下撞击力与撞深的定量关系，再现船桥碰撞过程，首先采用大质量水平冲击试验装置，对500 DWT无球鼻艏的缩尺船艏模型开展多次连续累积碰撞试验。其次采用大型有限元分析软件LS-DYNA建立精细化缩尺船艏模型，并通过重启动功能对多次连续累积碰撞开展仿真分析，与试验结果比较分析。试验与有限元分析结果表明：随着撞击次数的累加，缩尺船艏模型的单次撞击力峰值和累积撞深均逐步加大，而每次撞深增量和碰撞时间均逐步减小。船艏模型结构碰撞损伤深度与吸收的能量有基本确定的对应关系。

Force-deformation relationship of ship bow model under cumulative impact

In recent years, the rapid changes in the water transportation industry have also led to the frequent occurrence of ship-bridge collisions. Although the bridge collision prevention facilities currently used can resist the impact of ships, there is still a lack of reproduction and quantitative analysis of the whole process of ship-bridge collisions. In order to map the relationship between impact force and impact depth of ship bow under large deformation and reproduce the collision process of ship bridge. Firstly, a large mass horizontal impact test device is used to carry out several successive cumulative collision tests on the reduced size bow model of 500 DWT without bulbous bow. Secondly, LS-DYNA, a large finite element analysis software, was used to build a refined reduced bow model, and the simulation analysis of multiple consecutive cumulative collisions was carried out by restart function, and compared with the test results. Test and simulation results show that with the accumulation of the number of impacts, the peak single impact force and the accumulated impact deformation of the reduced-scale ship bow model are gradually increased, while the increment of each impact deformation and the impact time are gradually decreased. There is a basic correspondence between the deformation of collision damage to the ship bow structure and the absorbed energy.