国产小麦品种麸皮结构层的定性和定量分析方法

选取6种代表性中国小麦,对麦麸结构层进行手工剥离、显微观测和特征组分分析,从而建立国产麦麸结构层的定性和定量分析方法。结果表明,国产小麦中麸皮的平均比例为18%,外果皮、中间层和糊粉层分别占22%、31%和47%;通过光学和荧光显微镜可定性判定麦麸结构层;麦麸中间层中烷基间苯二酚(ARs)的含量达11.9 mg/g,分别是外果皮和糊粉层中含量的110倍和230倍,而糊粉层中总磷的平均含量为28.7 mg/g,超过外果皮和中间层中含量的20倍。因此,ARs和磷可分别作为中间层和糊粉层的标示物,外果皮可通过计算获得。结合显微观测和标示物定量的方法,可实现全麦产品中麦麸及其结构层的添加量的快速分析。

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of bran tissues from Chinese wheat varieties

At present, there is a lack of means to determine the authenticity of whole-wheat products processed by backfilling in the domestic market. To establish the qualitative and quantitative methods for domestic wheat bran structural layers, the microstructure and characteristic component of wheat bran tissues from six representative Chinese wheat varieties were analyzed after manual peeling. The results showed that, the average proportion of wheat bran was 18%, and the outer pericarp, intermediate layer (IL) and aleurone layer accounted for 22%, 31% and 47% respectively; the tissues of wheat bran could be qualitatively determined by optical and fluorescence microscopy; the content of alkylresorcinols (ARs) in IL was 11.9 mg/g, which was 110 and 230 times higher than that in outer pericarp and aleurone layer, respectively, the average content of total phosphorus in aleurone layer was 28.7 mg/g, which was 20 times higher than that in the outer pericarp and IL. Therefore, ARs and phosphorus can be used as the bio-markers of IL and aleurone layer, and the content of outer pericarp can be calculated indirectly. In conclusion, combining microscopic observation and biomarker analysis could quickly determine the addition of wheat bran and its tissues in whole wheat food.