Biodegradation of different carboxylate types of cleavable surfactants bearing a 1,3-dioxolane ring |
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Authors: | Daisuke Ono Shingo Yamamura Masaki Nakamura Tokuji Takeda Araki Masuyama Yohji Nakatsuji |
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Affiliation: | (1) Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute, Morinomiya 1-6-50, Joto-ku, 536 Osaka, Japan;(2) Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, 565 Osaka, Japan |
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Abstract: | The biodegradability of new carboxylate types of “acid-sensitive” cleavable surfactants bearing a 1,3-dioxolane ring was measured
by the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) method in the presence of activated sludge. The result for sodium dodecanoate, measured
under the same conditions, was used as a standard for evaluating the biodegradability of these cleavable surfactants. For
cleavable surfactants derived from epoxides and oxocarboxylates, the biodegradation was considerably influenced by the length
of the lipophilic alkyl chain, the presence of the oxymethyl moiety in the lipophilic group, and the number of methylene units
between the dioxolane ring and the carboxylate group. For another type of cleavable surfactant, 2-(long-chain alkyl)-1,3-dioxolane-4,5-dicarboxylate,
the biodegradation rate for the compound, bearing a proton at position 2 in the dioxolane ring, is faster than that for the
corresponding compound bearing a methyl group at position 2. |
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Keywords: | Acid decomposition biodegradability biodegradation carboxylate-type surfactants cleavable surfactants |
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