激光复合热喷涂技术制备陶瓷基涂层研究现状

当下我国航空航天、轨道交通、海洋钻探等先进制造业取得了迅猛发展，装备关键零部件面临高温、重载、强蚀等极端复杂的表界面问题，迫切需要开发新型表面涂层技术和先进材料体系解决工业界面临的困境。激光复合热喷涂技术具有热喷涂和激光熔覆2种工艺的优点，在制备低缺陷–强结合–高性能陶瓷基复合涂层方面具有独特优势，可以显著提升装备零部件表面的耐磨、耐蚀和抗氧化等性能。首先从涂层的组织形貌、腐蚀、抗氧化及抗热震性能方面阐述了激光重熔对等离子喷涂YSZ陶瓷涂层的影响机制。其次梳理了激光重熔工艺对等离子喷涂Al₂O₃基陶瓷涂层在显微结构、硬度、耐磨和抗热震性能方面的研究成果；总结了激光重熔对以Co-WC和NiCr-Cr₃C₂为典型材料体系的陶瓷/金属复合涂层结构和性能的影响；总结了激光重熔/原位辅助冷喷涂陶瓷基涂层(B4C/Ti+Al等)和原位辅助等离子喷涂陶瓷基涂层(WC基等)的组织和性能特点。最后指出，探寻更多涂层材料体系、研发激光复合热喷涂新技术和实现成形工艺自主智能优化等是激光复合热喷涂陶瓷基涂层技术未来的重点发...

Research Status of Ceramic-based Coatings Prepared by Laser-hybrid Thermal Spraying Technology

With the rapid development of the advanced manufacturing industry driven by China''s national projects such as aerospace, rail transit, nuclear energy, and offshore drilling, the surface, and interface of key parts of the equipment are increasingly facing more extreme and complex environments such as high temperature, heavy load, and intense corrosion. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new surface coating technologies and advanced coating material systems. With the advantages of thermal spraying and laser cladding, laser hybrid thermal spraying technology possesses unique merits for the preparation of high-performance ceramic-based composite coating with low defects and strong bonding, which can significantly improve the wear, corrosion, and oxidation resistance of equipment components. In this review, five parts are classified according to the coating material systems and preparation process.