塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层缝洞系统的物理模拟研究

针对塔河油田碳酸盐岩的地质特点，设计和制作了裂缝、孔洞和洞-缝3种典型物理模型，并采用超声波测试方法进行了模型正演模拟，以分析当地下存在溶洞、裂缝时的地震波传播的能量和反射结构的变化。给出了模型的制作原理和制作材料，对模拟结果进行了分析。结果表明，地层中存在较大的溶洞时，叠加剖面上溶洞的上方会出现弱反射，但溶洞内部往往形成强绕射波，经偏移归位后成为强短反射，并连续出现；地层中存在裂缝时，在叠加剖面上表现为杂乱反射地震相；地层中存在不规则的缝-洞组合时，叠加剖面上以杂乱反射相为主。

Physical modeling of the fracture-cave systems of carbonate reservoirs in Tahe oilfield

Aimed at the special geology of carbonate reservoirs in Tahe oilfield, Three kinds of representative physical models that can reflect this area pores, caves and fracture have been made, and using techniques of ultrasonic seismic physical modeling measure bring forth and analyze changes of seismic wave energy and reflected configurable.Bigger caves appear weak reflected above the caves in section, but within usually form strong diffraction wave and migration form strong and short reflected, series appearance (name a string of beads reflected); fissures systems from disorder phase of reflected seismic and anomaly fractures. Reflected strong and weak are confirmed by velocity difference between overlay and fracture.