考虑运输成本的JIT采购模型及算法

以供应商和采购商组成的供应链为研究对象，建立了考虑运输成本的JIT采购批量分割决策模型。针对运输成本是运输重量不规则函数的事实，应用费率模拟函数估算运输成本，分别导出了面向整车运输和零担运输的决策模型；基于两个模型解的最优订货批量相等，且整车运输模型解交付次数低、库存成本高，而零担运输模型解交付次数高、运输成本高，提出JIT-Lot-Sp-Opt算法，搜索得到最优交付次数，对JIT采购进行优化决策。实验结果证明，模型和算法在不损失精确性和优化性的前提下求解简单，具有实用性。

Model and Algorithm of JIT Purchasing with the Consideration of Transportation Cost

This study developed a JIT lot-splitting model with the consideration of transportation cost in a manufacturing supply chain.To reduce the model's complexity caused by the anomaly of actual freight rate,freight rate functions were used to estimate transportation cost and deduce models for truck-load and less-than-truck-load.Optimal order quantities of deduced models were equal.Solution of Truck-load model has lower delivery times per order and causes high inventory cost,while solution of less-than-truck-load model has higher delivery times per order and causes high transportation cost.Based on the facts above,this paper proposed an algorithm named JIT-Lot-Sp-Opt to search optimal delivery times per order.Experimentel results show that the model can guarantee the accuracy and performance of the decision without adding undue complexity and effort to the decision process.