双读出量能器用闪烁晶体研究进展

双读出量能器是一种全新设计的高能粒子探测装置, 它能同时测量到Cherenkov光和闪烁光, 因而能更全面地获得高能粒子的信息。目前, 双读出量能器主要有三种设计方式: (1)采用石英纤维产生Cherenkov光, 塑料闪烁纤维生成闪烁光; (2)分别以未掺杂的晶体纤维作为Cherenkov辐射体、Ce掺杂的同种晶体纤维作为闪烁体; (3)采用同种闪烁晶体有效分离Cherenkov光和闪烁光。第三种设计可以消除取样涨落、提高量能器的分辨率, 因而备受关注。本文基于第三种设计方式探讨了钨酸铅(PbWO₄)、锗酸铋(Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂)、硅酸铋(Bi₄Si₃O₁₂)和镥铝石榴石(Lu₃Al₅O₁₂)四种。闪烁晶体在双读出量能器方面的研究进展和可能的应用。Pr掺杂PWO晶体以及硅酸铋晶体都有可能用于双读出量能器, 而后者由于吸收边比锗酸铋更短, 更易于分离Cherenkov光和闪烁光, 在双读出量能器应用方面显示出明显的优势。稀土离子掺杂有望进一步提高硅酸铋晶体的性能, 开发出更适合双读出应用的闪烁材料。

Progress on Scintillation Crystals for Dual-readout Calorimeter

The dual-readout calorimeter is a new designed equipment to detect high-energy particles. It can collect the Cherenkov light and scintillation light at the same time, thus scientists can understand the particles comprehensively in the field of high-energy physics. Three types of dual-readout calorimeters have been designed so far: (1) Quartz fibers as Cherenkov emitter and plastic fibers as scintillator; (2) Undoped and doped scintillation crystals act as Cherenkov and scintillator respectively; (3) Scintillation crystal act as Cherenkov as well as scintillator. The last attracted much attention because it can avoid sampling fluctuations and enhance energy resolution of calorimeters. The progress on the scintillation crystals, including lead tungstate (PbWO₄), bismuth germinate (Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂), bismuth silicate (Bi₄Si₃O₁₂) and lutetium aluminum garnet (Lu₃Al₅O₁₂), were presented for the application of dual-readout calorimeter. Pr: PWO crystal and Bi₄Si₃O₁₂ crystal have potential application in dual-readout calorimeter. It’s easy to separate the Cherenkov and scintillation light for Bi₄Si₃O₁₂ crystal because the short-wavelength cut-off of Bi₄Si₃O₁₂ crystal is small in comparison with Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂ crystal. Bi₄Si₃O₁₂ crystal shows more advantages and its properties can be further optimized by doping rare earth ions.