Porous alkali-activated material from hypergolic coal gangue by microwave foaming for methylene blue removal |
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| Authors: | Xinyu Li Lei Liu Chengying Bai Kun Yang Ting Zheng Shuang Lu Hongqiang Li Yingjie Qiao Paolo Colombo |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China;2. School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of technology, Harbin, China;3. College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China;4. Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Overall, 100% hypergolic coal gangue (HCG)-based geopolymer foams were produced by a novel saponification-microwave foaming combined route. Microwave foaming with and without expired vegetable oil was first used to produce CG-based geopolymer foams. Macropores were mainly generated by microwave foaming, and mesopores were mainly obtained by the addition of expired soybean oil that underwent a saponification reaction. The effects of the oil content on the density, porosity, pore morphology, compression strength, and methylene blue adsorption properties were studied. High total porosity (85.9–89.0 vol%) and acceptable compression strength (0.46–1.1 MPa) HCG-based geopolymer foams were produced. Foams with 12.59 wt% oil exhibited the best adsorption properties, with an adsorption capacity up to 9.4 mg/g and high removal efficiency of about 95.3%. These solid-waste-based porous components are promising monolithic adsorbents for wastewater treatment. |
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| Keywords: | adsorbents expired oil hypergolic coal gangue microwave foaming porous alkali-activated material |
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