基于蚁群策略的无线传感器网络能耗均衡分簇算法

在多跳路由中簇头选择控制因子单一的问题将缩短整个无线传感器网络的生存周期。为此,以剩余能量、节点度和连接距离为依据构造适应度函数,根据簇头评估函数值来保证簇头的最优选择。同时加入适应度因子和剩余能量权衡因子优化蚁群算法,有效控制完整路径中信息素的增减量,以此应用到数据在簇头间的多跳传输,保护了低能量的簇头,有利于各节点能耗趋于平均值,使网络可以更加持久地监测和传输数据。与LEACH和HEED算法相比,本文算法在能耗均衡、生存周期延长方面更加有效。

An energy consumption balanced clustering algorithmfor wireless sensor networks based on ant colony strategy

The problem of single control factor selection of cluster head in multi hop routing can shorten the entire lifecycle of the wireless sensor network. To solve this problem, we construct the fitness function based on the residual energy, node degree and connection distance, and guarantee the optimal selection of the cluster head according to the value of cluster head evaluation functions. At the same time, the fitness factor and residual energy trade off factor are added to optimize the ant colony algorithm, which effectively controls the increase and decrease of pheromone in the complete path. We apply the algorithm to the multi hop transmission of data between cluster heads to protect the low energy cluster head. It is beneficial to make each node's energy consumption close to the mean, and the network can monitor and transmit data more persistently. Experimental results show that compared with the LEACH and HEED algorithms, the proposed scheme is more effective in balancing energy consumption and prolonging life cycle.