论黄河下游河道两次历史性大转折及其意义

人类历史时期以来，黄河下游发生了两次历史性大转折，第一次为两千多年前战国中期全面筑堤使黄河下游成为地上河；第二次为20世纪90年代以来人类过量引水使黄河下游成为人为季节性或人为萎缩性河流。本文分析第二次历史性大转折的成因、过程和影响，目的在于寻找解决面临的严峻水资源问题的对策。

On two historic turns in the evolution of the lower Yellow River and their environmental implications

In the history of China, two historic turns took place in the lower Yellow River. The first was the construction of artificial levee beginning from the middle Warring States Period thereby making the river suspended over the land. The second was beginning from 1990s because of excess exploitation of water resources leading to the changing of the river into a man-induced seasonal river or shrinking river. This paper deals with the analysis of the cause, process and the environmental impact of the second turn and aims at the resolution of the severe problems we are facing.