FT-NIR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis for detection of starch adulteration in turmeric powder |
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Authors: | Saumita Kar Bipan Tudu Arun Jana Rajib Bandyopadhyay |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Instrumentation and Electronics Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India;2. Department of Agriculture, Environment and Electronics, Centre for Development of Advance Computing, Kolkata, India;3. Laboratory of Artificial Sensory Systems, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia |
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Abstract: | This paper investigates the feasibility of Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy, a fast and easy method based on chemometric methods to detect corn starch illegally added to turmeric powder. In this work, the pure turmeric powders were blended with corn starch to generate different concentrations (1–30%)(w/w) of starch-adulterated turmeric samples. The reflectance spectra of total of 224 samples were taken by FT-NIR spectroscopy. The exploratory data analysis was done by principal component analysis (PCA). The starch related peaks were selected by variable importance in projection (VIP) method and were explored by examination of original reflectance spectra, 1st derivative spectra, PCA loadings and β coefficients plot of the partial least square regression (PLSR) model. The coefficient of determination (R2) and root-mean-square error of partial least square regression (PLSR) models were found to be 0.91–0.99 and 0.23–1.3%, respectively, depending on the pre-processing techniques of spectral data. The figure of merit (FOM) of the model was found with the help of net analyte signal (NAS) theory. |
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Keywords: | Turmeric powder adulteration starch FT-NIR spectroscopy PCA PLSR FOM |
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