Aspects of carbon dioxide utilization |
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Authors: | Iwao Omae |
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Affiliation: | Omae Research Laboratories, 335-23 Mizuno, Sayama, Saitama 350-1317, Japan |
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Abstract: | Carbon dioxide reacts with hydrogen, alcohols, acetals, epoxides, amines, carbon–carbon unsaturated compounds, etc. in supercritical carbon dioxide or in other solvents in the presence of metal compounds as catalysts. The products of these reactions are formic acid, formic acid esters, formamides, methanol, dimethyl carbonate, alkylene carbonates, carbamic acid esters, lactones, carboxylic acids, polycarbonate (bisphenol-based engineering polymer), aliphatic polycarbonates, etc. Especially, the productions of formic acid, formic acid methyl ester and dimethylformamide with a ruthenium catalyst; dimethyl carbonate and urethanes with a dialkyltin catalyst; 2-pyrone with a nickel-phosphine catalyst; diphenyl carbonate with a lead phenoxide catalyst; the alternating copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxides with a zinc catalyst has attracted attentions as the industrial utilizations of carbon dioxide. The further development of these production processes is expected. |
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Keywords: | Carbon dioxide Hydrogenation Dimethyl carbonate Alkylene carbonates Polycarbonates Ruthenium catalysts Diphenyl carbonate |
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