尾翼稳定脱壳穿甲弹脱壳动力学过程的三维数值模拟

尾翼稳定脱壳穿甲弹(APFSDS)的脱壳过程对其飞行稳定性与效能具有非常重要的作用。为了描述脱壳过程中卡瓣与弹体之间的气动干扰以及卡瓣相对弹体分离的六自由度（6DOF）运动轨迹，基于流体力学控制方程与外弹道6DOF运动方程，利用动网格技术，对尾翼稳定脱壳穿甲弹弹托在气动力和重力作用下相对弹体分离的三维流场进行了数值模拟，得到了不同分离阶段的流场特性与各卡瓣、弹体气动系数随时间的变化曲线，揭示了弹托分离过程中，卡瓣与弹体之间的激波与气流在不同分离阶段的相互作用过程。耦合6DOF方程计算了各卡瓣的运动轨迹与相应的气动参数，计算结果与文献［15］实验结果相符，表明数值模拟空气动力学与飞行力学相互耦合的控制方程是一种研究尾翼稳定脱壳穿甲弹脱壳动力学过程的新方法。

Numerical Simulation on Three-dimensional Dynamic Process of Sabot Discarding of APFSDS

The discarding process of armour piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot (APFSDS) is crucial for its flight stability and lethality. In order to describe the aerodynamic interferences between the projectile and the sabots and the six degree-of-freedom (6DOF) flight trajectories of three sabots with respect to the projectile, the three-dimensional flow field of APFSDS under the action of aerodynamic force and gravity is simulated with the use of the dynamic mesh technique. Based on the governing equations of fluid dynamics and rigid body motion equations of 6 DOF and the variation of flow characteristics during discarding processes and the time history of aerodynamic coefficients of all sabots and projectile are obtained.