从源-盖控烃看塔里木台盆区油气分布规律

塔里木盆地台盆区海相层系经历了多期的成藏演化,油气藏的调整、破坏与保存等特征使台盆区的油气分布异常复杂.文中提出源岩和盖层共同控制了塔里木盆地海相层系的油气分布,认为烃源岩生烃史与盖层形成动态演化史的匹配、盖层的质量和保存能力以及地质历史时期特别是关键成藏-改造期盖层封盖能力的有效性是控制油气富集和分布的关键因素.宏观上,"源-盖"动态匹配关系的差异决定着不同地区与不同含油层系油气富集程度的差异.同时从"源-盖控烃"的基本思路出发,以区域盖层的分布和动态演化的研究成果为基础,阐明塔里木盆地台盆区油气富集的规律性,进而提出台盆区大、中型油气田的勘探方向.

A study on the distribution of oil and gas reservoirs controlled by source-cap rock assemblage in unmodified foreland region of Tarim Basin

The marine sequences in the unmodified foreland region of Tarim Basin had experienced multiple stages of hydrocarbon accumulation with alternative later adjustment, destruction and preservation processes. Consequently, the distribution of oil and gas reservoirs in the study area today is very complicated. The article proposed that both source rocks and cap rocks had played roles in controlling the distribtuion of oil and gas reservoirs and suggested that the interaction between favorable timing of hydrocarbon generation with formation of cap rocks as well as the sealing capacity of cap rocks are the key factors that had affected the distribution of oil and gas reservoirs. Macroscopically, different collocation of source/cap rocks had determined where and how the oil/gas-bearing formations were located. Based on this understanding, the paper also discussed the distribution pattern of oil and gas reservoirs and predicted potential exploration targets for middle-and large-sized oil and gas fields in the study area.