等效水下爆炸冲击加载装置的设计研究

为了获取等效水下爆炸冲击波载荷，基于一维弹性波理论与水介质的线性状态方程，对飞片撞击充水锥形靶舱进行了理论分析。采用AUTODYN有限元软件，对撞击过程进行了数值模拟，对比分析了两种活塞厚度对应的冲击波衰减时间。根据理论与数值模拟研究结果，设计组装了等效水下爆炸冲击加载实验装置，测得了水靶舱侧壁中心处的冲击波压力时程曲线。研究结果表明：在实验室范围内通过飞片撞击锥形水靶舱，获取等效水下爆炸冲击波载荷是可行的，而且飞片速度与活塞厚度决定了水靶舱内冲击波的压力峰值与衰减时间；研制的加载装置可用于典型结构与材料的水下爆炸冲击响应分析研究。

Development of an Equivalent Equipment on Underwater Explosion Impulsive Loading

In order to obtain an equivalent underwater explosion impulsive loading, the theoretical analysis is carried out for the impact of a flyer plate on a piston, which seals a conical target chamber filled with water, based on one-dimensional elastic wave propagation and a linear equation of state for water. The impact process is simulated by using AUTODYN software, and the decay times of shock waves for two pistons with different thicknesses are analyzed and compared. According to the theory and numerical simulation research, an equivalent equipment is designed, and the pressure-time curve is measured at the central point of chamber medial wall. The results show that it is feasible to obtain an equivalent underwater explosion shock waves in the laboratory through high speed impact, and the flyer speed and the piston thickness determine the peak pressure and decay time in the conical target chamber, respectively. The equivalent equipment can be used to investigate the shock response of typical structures and materials subjected to underwater explosion impulse loading.