环介导等温扩增检测技术的应用与方法改进

环介导等温扩增(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)是近些年发展起来的一种新型核酸扩增技术,其原理是利用在线软件设计4条特异性引物,在具有强链置换活性的DNA聚合酶作用下,使模板两端引物的结合处循环出现环状单链结构,以实现恒温条件下的连续快速扩增,该方法具有特异性强、灵敏度高、耗时短且无需昂贵的热循环设备等优点。目前该技术在国内外已经广泛应用于细菌、病毒及寄生虫等病原体的检测以及鉴定胚胎性别。本文从LAMP技术的原理、方法改造、检测应用以及与其他检测方法的比较这4方面进行综述,为今后LAMP技术的应用提供理论依据并对未来的发展进行了展望。

Application and improvement of loop mediated isothermal amplification

Loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is developed as a new type of nucleic acid amplification technology in recent years. Its principle is to use online software to design 4 specific primers, rely on DNA polymerase with strong chain replacement activity, and make the template primer on both ends of junction appear the recurring circular single structure, so as to realize the continuous rapid expansion under the condition of constant temperature. The method has the advantages of strong specificity, high sensitivity, taking short time, and without expensive thermal cycling equipment, etc. At present, this technology has been widely used in the detection of bacteria, viruses, parasites and other pathogens, as well as the identification of fetal sex. This paper summarized LAMP technology principle, method transformation, detection application and comparison with other detection methods, providing theoretical basis for the application of LAMP technique in the future and outlook for the future development.