Kinetic investigation of sulfurized polyacrylonitrile cathode material by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

To understand more about the sulfur composite prepared by sulfurized polyacrylonitrile at 300 °C, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is employed to investigate the electrochemical properties of the sulfur composite cathode during discharge process. The impact of discharge depth on the performance of sulfur composite materials is investigated. The electrolyte solution resistance, the charge transfer resistance and the interface impedance are evaluated from the EIS analysis. The charge transfer resistance and the interface impedance increase during delithiation and decrease during lithiation, while the concentration of Li⁺ in the composite decreases and increases, respectively. Meanwhile the electrolyte solution resistance is likely to keep stable. The interface resistance and charge transfer resistance of the sulfur composite cathode decrease rapidly after initial lithiation, while Li⁺ diffusion coefficient and exchange current density increase rapidly. After the initial lithiation, they are likely to keep stable. This study reveals more characteristics of the sulfur composite, which is considered to be a promising candidate for large capacity cathode material.