Macroscopically uniform electrodeposited ZnO films on conducting glass by surface tension modification and consequent demonstration of significantly improved p–n heterojunctions |
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Authors: | Kevin P. Musselman Talia Gershon Lukas Schmidt-Mende Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll |
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Affiliation: | aDepartment of Materials Science, University of Cambridge, Pembroke St., Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, United Kingdom;bDepartment of Physics and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians University Amalienstr. 54, D-80799 Munich, Germany |
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Abstract: | An alternative water–ethanol zinc nitrate solution is demonstrated to completely eliminate macroscopic defects that are normally prevalent in ZnO films electrochemically deposited from aqueous zinc nitrate solutions. The inclusion of 25% ethanol (by volume) reduces the surface tension of the mixture and eliminates bubble formation on the conducting glass surface during deposition. To demonstrate the importance of film uniformity, the ZnO films are employed in ZnO–Cu2O n–p heterojunctions and an order of magnitude improvement in diode behaviour is observed. |
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Keywords: | Zinc oxide Conducting glass Electrodeposition Surface tension Photovoltaic |
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