夏佩尔的“信息域”理论及科学发现的推理模式评价

夏佩尔的科学哲学观点具有某种折衷的性质,他强调科学发现中有理由、有推理模式,认为科学哲学的研究对象是整个科学推理过程。“信息域”理论是夏佩尔哲学理论体系中的核心,通过分析科技史上许多科学案例,提出了2种具有典型和普遍意义的科学发现的推理模式:构成性的推理模式与演化性的推理模式。在此基础上,建立了超越预设主义与相对主义的理性实在论。

Judgment on Dudley Shapere's "Information Domain" Theory and the Reasoning Patterns for Scientific Discovery

Shapere's philosophical viewpoints are of compromise nature,which stress the reasons and reasoning patters in scientific discovery and hold that the object of scientific philosophy study is the whole scientific reasoning process."Information Domain" theory is the core of Shapere's philosophical system,who put forward two reasoning patterns of typical and general significance through analyzing many cases in the history of science: constitutive reasoning pattern and evolutive reasoning pattern,and then established a rational realism surpassing presuppositionism and relativism.