中国地下储气库现状与发展展望

地下储气库包括枯竭油气藏、含水层、盐穴和矿坑等四种类型，经过50多年的发展已经成为一种成熟的应用技术，目前地下储气库技术正朝着以下趋势发展：①加强气库的上下游协调优化，提高储气库的协调能力；②加强地下储气库优化管理，提高储气库的利用效率；③在油藏和含水层储气库领域进行实验和摸索；④盐穴储气库建库技术将得到进一步发展。中国地下储气库技术发展已有近10年的历史，在气藏改建储气库方面技术基本成熟，但在油藏改建储气库、含水层建设储气库和盐穴建库方面还存在着技术不完善等方面的不足。由于中国主要天然气消费区建库目标资源缺乏，因而储气库的建设在技术和建库目标资源两个方面还存在一定的挑战。未来15年内，中国的天然气需求激增将促进储气库需求量的不断加大，预计将有300×10⁸m³工作气的储气库建库需求量，应在满足调峰和应急供气的基础上向战略储备延伸，并在中国中东部形成区域协调的地下储气库群。

CURRENT SITUATION AND PROSPECT OF CHINESE UNDERGROUND NATURAL GAS STORAGE

Underground natural gas storage (UGS) can be categorized into 4 types, including depleted oil and gas reservoir, aquifer, salt cavern and mined cavern. It has become a mature technology after more than 50 years' development. Currently, UGS technology has following 4 development tendencies: firstly, to strengthen the harmonization ability of UGS between upstream and downstream industries; secondly, to optimize the management of UGS and enhance the utilization efficiency of UGS; thirdly, to carry out experiments and studies on UGS in oil reservoir and aquifer; fourthly, further to develop UGS construction technologies in salt cavern. China has 10 years' history in UGS technology. The technology of converting gas reservoir into UGS is fledged, whereas the technologies of revamping UGS from oil reservoir, aquifer and salt cavern are not fully developed. As main natural gas consumption areas are poorly supported with target resources, Chinese UGS construction is facing challenges in technologies and target resources. In the upcoming 15 years, Chinese UGS will be escalated due to surging natural gas demand with required gas inventory of 30 BCM. China will gradually build its gas storage strategy on the bases of meeting natural gas peak-shaving and urgent gas supply. Meanwhile, it will form an UGS group in Middle and East China which will run well with local economy.