我国干旱地区放射性废(矿)石治理效果研究

过去50 a的铀矿地质勘查为我国核工业发展提供了所需的铀矿资源,同时也产生了大量不同水平的放射性废(矿)石。从1990年开始,中国核工业总公司地质局对分布在全国的放射性废(矿)石堆依轻重缓急安排进行了因地制宜的治理。"十五"期间开展"我国干旱地区放射性废(矿)石治理效果研究",旨在通过较系统的野外调查和室内测试,总结经验,发现问题并提出相应的补救措施。治理工程总体上取得了良好效果。土壤、植物和水样品的研究成果表明,样品中的核素含量基本在当地的环境本底值范围内;γ射线外照射吸收剂量率符合国家相关限值的要求。结合作者多年在该领域的工作经验,对我国放射性废(矿)石的治理方案从治理总体思路、主要技术环节,以及今后需要重点解决的关键技术进行探讨。

Study on the effect of uranium waste rock piles remediation in the arid region in China

Large volumes of low level radioactive waste rock piles are produced during uranium exploration in the last five decades.Since 1990,Chinese Authority began to take measures for uranium waste piles remediation.From 2001 to 2004,effect of remediation of uranium waste piles in Northwest China was studied in order to summarzie the experience and shortage during the historical practices.In general,the effectiveness of remediation is good.Gamma radiation dose rate on the surface of uranium waste piles is within the limit of the Regulation.The nuclide contents in waste sample and soil sample are fallen into the range of natural background.Based on the research results, the authors have put forward the strategic consideration for the remediation of uranium waste rock pile.