稻秸秆/玉米淀粉胶复合材料的制备及性能

以玉米淀粉为原料,H2O2为氧化剂,制得氧化玉米淀粉胶。利用模压方法制备了稻秸秆/玉米淀粉胶复合材料,基于正交试验方法,研究了原料配比对复合材料的密度、抗压强度、吸湿性及可降解性能的影响。结果表明:稻秸秆/玉米淀粉胶复合材料密度随稻秸秆含量增加,先升高后降低;当稻秸秆含量为16.3%时,复合材料密度最小;随玉米淀粉胶含量增加复合材料抗压性能降低。当稻秸秆∶改性淀粉∶玉米淀粉胶∶滑石粉∶碳酸氢氨的质量比为6∶9∶15∶5∶1时,复合材料抗压强度较高。稻秸秆/玉米淀粉胶复合材料在潮湿环境下的降解性能良好,但与聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料相比易吸潮。

Preparation and Properties of Rice Straw/Cornstarch Adhesive Composite

Oxidized cornstarch adhesive was prepared with cornstarch as raw material and H2O2 as oxidant.Rice straw/cornstarch adhesive composite was prepared by compression molding.Effects of raw material ratio on the density,compressive strength,hygroscopicity and degradability of the composite were studied with orthogonal test.Results showed that the density of composite first increased and then decreased with increasing rice straw content,and density of composite with 16.3% rice straw was the least.Compressive strength of composite decreased with increasing cornstarch adhesive content.Rice straw/cornstarch adhesive composite had high compressive strength while keeping rice straw ∶modified starch ∶ cornstarch adhesive ∶ talc ∶ NH4HCO3 as 6 ∶ 9 ∶ 15 ∶ 5 ∶ 1.Rice straw/cornstarch adhesive composite had good degradation performance in moist environment but easy absorption of moisture compared with EPS.