基于COMSOL的质子交换膜燃料电池梯度扩散层的数值模拟

为了研究质子交换膜燃料电池的扩散层结构对燃料电池导电、排水、导气等性能的影响，利用COMSOL Multiphysics软件对质子交换膜燃料电池进行仿真模拟分析，主要针对扩散层孔隙率沿厚度方向梯度变化的规律及燃料电池阴极侧传质过程和电池性能进行了模拟分析。结果表明：采用梯度结构的扩散层可以减小阴极水淹现象的发生，孔隙率梯度分布的扩散层电池性能优于孔隙率均匀分布的扩散层的电池性能；在平均孔隙率相同时，孔隙率梯度结构变化越大，阴极侧排水能力越强，液态水残留量越少。

Numerical Simulation of Gradient Diffusion Layer of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Based on COMSOL

In order to study the influence of the diffusion layer structure on the conductivity, drainage and gas conduction of the fuel cell, COMSOL Multiphysics was used to simulate and analyze the proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The variation of porosity of diffusion layer along thickness gradient, the mass transfer process by cathode side and the performance of fuel cell were simulated. The results show that the diffusion layer with gradient structure can reduce the occurrence of cathode water flooding, and the battery performance of the diffusion layer with gradient porosity distribution is better than that of the diffusion layer with uniform porosity distribution. At the same average porosity, the larger the gradient structure of porosity is, the stronger the drainage capacity of cathode side is, and the less residual liquid water is.