Constitutive relationship and hot deformation behavior of Armco-type pure iron for a wide range of temperature |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Advanced Nuclear Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea;3. Advanced Metallic Materials Research, Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Republic of Korea;4. Powder & Ceramics, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Republic of Korea;1. Center for Energy Storage Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14 gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea;2. U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan;3. Division of Energy & Environment Technology, Korea University of Science and Technology, 176 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea;4. Directorate of Science, PINSTECH, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan;1. Dept. of Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;2. Inst. for Phys. Sci. and Tech, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;3. Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;4. Dept. of Physics, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;5. Dept. of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea;6. Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, UJF-CNRS/IN2P3-INP, 53, rue des Martyrs, 38026 Grenoble Cedex, France;7. Astrophysics Space Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA;8. Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito de la Investigacion s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510 Mexico Distrito Federal, Mexico;9. Dept. of Physics & Geology, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41076, USA;1. Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;2. Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland;3. Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;4. Department of Plant Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq. 24a, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland |
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| Abstract: | The hot deformation behavior and constitutive relationship of Armco-type pure iron were investigated using isothermal compression tests with a wide range of temperature and strain rate ranging from 923 to 1523 K, and 0.1 to 10 s−1, respectively. When deformed with a single phase, the flow stress of Armco-type pure iron increases accompanied by the increase of strain rate and the decrease of deformation temperature. Instability phenomenon of Armco-type pure iron appears when deformed with dual phase. γ-Fe undergoes completed discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (dDRX) at all hot deformation conditions. α-Fe undergoes uncompleted dDRX process at high temperature and low strain rate, however, dynamic recovery (DRV) process is the main restoration process for α-Fe at low temperature and high strain rate. The modified Arrhenius-type constitutive equation considering strain compensation is used to describe the flow stress of γ-Fe and α-Fe. From correlation coefficient (R), root mean square error (RMSE) and average absolute relative error (AARE), the predictability of the constitutive equation for the two phases of Armco-type pure iron was evaluated. |
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| Keywords: | Pure iron Constitutive equation Predictability Dynamic recrystallization Flow stress Hot deformation |
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