流域生态环境需水与缺水快速评估（Ⅱ）：应用

采用作者提出的流域生态环境需水与缺水快速评估方法,对延河流域1990年与2000年两期土地利用资料进行了生态环境缺水评估。结果表明安塞县南部、延安市周边及宝塔区生态缺水最为严重。为此,进一步利用位于安塞县的延河二级支流纸坊沟流域1938~1999个时段期间的15个时段土地利用资料,进行了生态环境需水与缺水深入评估。结果表明:纸坊沟流域生态环境用水经历了"自然平衡-严重亏缺-逐渐改善-趋向平衡"的变化过程,这一过程与纸坊沟流域开发治理过程具有很高的一致性。应用研究结果说明,流域生态环境需水与生态缺水快速评估方法是可行的。

Fast evaluation of eco-environmental water requirement and water deficit in river basins Ⅱ . Application

The fast assessment method for catchment eco-environmental water requirement and eco-environmental water deficit developed by the authors was applied to the Yanhe River,a branch of the Yellow River,located on loess plateau,which is suffering from grave water and soil loss and characterized by vulnerable environment.Based on the land use map of 1990 and 2000 the assessment result shows that in the south of Ansai County,most areas in Baota District and the areas around the Yan'an City were in most scarcity of eco-environmental water and should be carefully considered as far as sustainable water resources management was concerned.On this basis,the further study on eco-environmental water requirement and water deficit was carried out by utilizing the land use data of Zhifanggou watershed,a tributary of the Yanhe River in the period from 1938 to 1999.The result shows that eco-environmental water use of the tributary experiences the variation process of natural equilibrium-severe eco-environmental water deficit-gradually improved-tending to new equlibrium,which reflects that the eco-environmental water allocation in this tributary watershed has achieved satisfactory results.Furthermore,the successful application result verifies that the proposed method is feasible and effective.