用于动态目标跟踪的面阵CCD成像系统的研究

本文采用面阵CCD ICX415AL作为传感器件，设计了一种用于动态目标跟踪的面阵CCD成像系统。成像系统对两片面阵CCD进行光学拼接，使它们完全共面，这样可以在保证目标分辨率不变的情况下使视场角增加一倍，满足了大视场搜索目标的要求。本文在介绍面阵CCD ICX415AL的结构和特点的基础上，完成了ICX415AL的时序电路和功率驱动电路的设计，并采用相关双采样(CDS)技术滤除了视频信号中的相关噪声，提高了系统的信噪比。为了获得好的成像质量，系统在设计完后要进行辐射定标，根据本文中的定标实验数据，确定了最佳的动态范围和工作点。整个系统采用现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）作为核心控制器件，完成自上而下的模块化设计，实现了硬件设计的软件化，提高了开发效率。

Research of imaging system used in the moving target tracking based on area CCD

A kind of imaging system used in the moving target tracking was designed, and it used area CCD ICX415AL as sensor. This system carried out optical joining together with two slices of the area CCD, and made them complete share surface. So, this can make angle of visual field increase one time under guaranteeing the constant condition of goal resolution capacity, and solve the requirement of the big visual field of searching goal. First, the structure and the specification of area CCD ICX415AL sensor are introduced in this paper, then the circuits of working clock and power driver for the sensor are proposed. The noises of the video signal (KTC noise and 1/f noise) are filtered by using the correlated double sampling (CDS) technique, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the system is also enhanced. For get good imaging quality, radiation scale must be done after design. According to the scale experiment data given in the paper, the radiation dynamic range and the best working point of the system have been determined. Entire system adopts the Field Programmable Gate Array ( FPGA ) as key controller, and hardware is designed by the software which is based on the modularization design method from top to bottom. The development efficiency has been enhanced.