不同栽培基质桑黄化学成分及抗氧化活性比较

目的 以杨树桑黄Sanghuangporus vaninii为研究对象，比较分析了应用段木和木屑栽培的桑黄子实体中 水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、浸出物、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、总多糖、总黄酮、总三萜含量，麦角甾醇和麦角甾酮的含量差异，并研究了其乙醇提取物的体外抗氧化活性。方法 分别选取段木和木屑栽培的桑黄子实体，依据国家标准对其水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、浸出物、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维的含量进行测定，通过紫外分光光度法、高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定总多糖、总黄酮、总三萜、麦角甾醇、麦角甾酮含量，采用DPPH·自由基清除能力、ABTS+·自由基清除能力评价其乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性。结果 不同栽培基质对上述13个指标均具有影响。段木栽培的桑黄中水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、浸出物、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、总多糖、总三萜、麦角甾酮含量均高于木屑栽培桑黄；木屑栽培的桑黄中总黄酮、麦角甾醇含量高于段木栽培的桑黄；段木栽培桑黄的抗氧化活性高于木屑栽培桑黄。结论 段木培养基更适宜桑黄子实体中各种化学成分的积累，从而提高其抗氧化活性，代料栽培产桑黄子实体的培养基需进一步优化，研究结果为桑黄栽培基质的优化和桑黄饮品质量评价提供了科学的参考。

Comparison of chemical constituents and antioxidant activities of Sanghuangporus vaninii in different substrates

Objective To compare and analyze the contents of water, total ash, acid insoluble ash, extract, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, total polysaccharides, total flavonoids, total triterpenes, ergosterol and ergosterone in the fruit bodies of Sanghuangporus vaninii cultivated with duanmu and sawdust, The antioxidant activity of its ethanol extract in vitro was studied. Methods The fruit bodies of Sanghuangporus vaninii cultivated by segment wood and sawdust were selected. According to national standards, the content of moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, extract, crude protein, crude fat, and crude fiber are determined. Determine the content of total polysaccharides, total flavonoids, total triterpenes, ergosterol, and ergosterone by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). DPPH·free radical scavenging ability and ABTS+·radical scavenging ability were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract. Results Different culture media had effects on the above 13 indexes. The contents of water, ash, acid insoluble ash, extract, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, total polysaccharide , total triterpene , ergosterone in Sanghuangporus vaninii cultivated with duanmu were higher than those cultivated with sawdust; The content of total flavonoids , ergosterol in Sanghuangporus vaninii cultivated with sawdust was higher than that cultivated with duanmu; The antioxidant activity of Sanghuangporus vaninii cultivated with duanmu was higher than that cultivated with sawdust. Conclusion Duanmu culture medium is more suitable for the accumulation of various chemical components in Sanghuangporus vaninii fruiting body , so as to improve its antioxidant activity. The culture medium for substitute cultivation of Sanghuangporus vaninii fruiting body needs to be further optimized. The research results provide a scientific reference for the optimization of Sanghuangporus vaninii cultivation matrix and the quality evaluation of Sanghuangporus vaninii beverage.