Energy efficiency in a water supply system:Energy consumption and CO2 emission |
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Authors: | Helena MRAMOS Filipe VIEIRA Didia ICCOVAS |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Civil Engineering,IST,Technical University of Lisbon,Lisbon 1049-001,Portugal 2. CEHIDRO,IST-DECivil,Lisbon 1049-001,Portugal |
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Abstract: | This paper presents important fundamentals associated with water and energy efficiency and highlights the importance of using renewable energy sources.A model of multi-criteria optimization for energy efficiency based on water and environmental management policies,including the preservation of water resources and the control of water pressure and energy consumption through a hybrid energy solution,was developed and applied to a water supply system.The methodology developed includes three solutions:(1)the use of a water turbine in pipe systems where pressures are higher than necessary and pressure-reducing valves are installed,(2)the optimization of pumping operation according to the electricity tariff and water demand,and(3)the use of other renewable energy sources,including a wind turbine,to supply energy to the pumping station,with the remaining energy being sold to the national electric grid.The use of an integrated solution(water and energy)proves to be a valuable input for creating benefits from available hydro energy in the water supply system in order to produce clean power,and the use of a wind source allows for the reduction of energy consumption in pumping stations,as well as of the CO2 emission to the atmosphere. |
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Keywords: | multi-criteria optimization energy efficiency water supply renewable energy sources CO2 emission |
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