厄瓜多尔中部山地灌溉发展规划

厄瓜多尔中部山地水资源相对缺乏,供需矛盾比较突出,受旱灾威胁较为严重,而该区域又是厄瓜多尔农业发展的重点区域,灌溉发展需求很大。在分析厄瓜多尔中部山地灌溉现状的基础上,结合流域水土资源条件和粮食安全需求,提出了厄瓜多尔中部山地灌溉发展总体布局。通过骨干蓄引提调工程,以及塘坝、集雨等小微型工程的建设,结合灌区节水改造与续建配套等措施,区域新增年灌溉供水能力12.3亿m3,使有效农牧灌溉面积从现状的34.8万hm~2增加至2035规划年的50.7万hm~2。

Development planning of irrigation in Ecuadorian mountainous region

The Ecuadorian Sierra region is characterized as a relatively high degree of water scarcity, which results in prominent conflict between demand and supply, as well as threat of severe drought. However, this region is a key agricultural development zone with great demand of irrigation expansion. By analyzing the current status of irrigation in the Ecuadorian Sierra region and considering the requirements of water and soil resources along with food security, this paper put forward the overall layout of irrigation development of the Sierra region. Through a series of water storage, water diversion, water lifting and water diversion project and the construction of embankments, sump, combined with water-saving alteration and construction measures, the annual irrigation water supply capacity would be expanded by 1.23 billion m3 in this region, making the effective irrigation area increased from 348 000 hm2 to 507 000 hm2 in 2035.