厄瓜多尔水资源形势分析与对策

厄瓜多尔水资源总量丰沛,但时空分布不均,降雨量雨季多旱季少,东部多中西部少;全国经常发生水旱灾害,人民生活和农田灌溉缺水问题比较明显,遇枯水年份或连续干旱年份,供、用水矛盾更为突出。基于当前厄瓜多尔水资源面临的主要问题,从"水资源盈缺率"与"行业供水保证率"两方面计算分析了厄瓜多尔水资源时空分布不均、与区域经济社会分布和需水不相匹配的形势,并提出了相应的应对措施,可为今后厄瓜多尔水利工程规划提供基础资料。

Analysis on water resources situation in Ecuador and countermeasures

Ecuador is rich in water resources but the spatial and temporal distribution is uneven, plenty in the eastern area and less in central and western area. The country often encounters flood and drought disasters, and the water shortage in domestic water and agricultural water exists; especially in dry year the conflict between water supply and demand is more obvious. Based on the main problems existed in Ecuador at present, this paper analyzes the unevenness of water resources distribution in Ecuador and the unmatched situation between social and economical distribution and water demand from aspects of "surplus-deficit rate of water resources" and "industry water supply assurance rate". Based on this we put forward countermeasures to provide the basis for water conservancy project planning in Ecuador.