内冷与喷雾复合冷却车刀的冷却性能数值模拟

针对难加工材料的高效、绿色可持续的加工需求,文章提出了一种外部的喷雾润滑冷却结合刀具内部循环冷却的冷却加工技术方案,并设计出一种冷却效果好、加工无污染的内冷与喷雾复合冷却车刀。建立了普通车刀、循环内冷车刀和内冷与喷雾复合冷却车刀及其切削工件的结构三维模型,并通过FLUENT软件对车刀加工冷却过程进行流-固热耦合仿真,探究内冷与喷雾复合冷却车刀的冷却性能。研究表明,三种车刀的温度从低到高依次为内冷与喷雾复合冷却车刀、循环内冷车刀、普通车刀,复合冷却车刀具有更好的冷却性能。并进一步研究了喷雾空气压力参数对冷却效果的影响规律,发现喷雾空气压力越大,冷却效果越好,但冷却效率与喷雾空气压力之间并不成线性关系。

Numerical Simulation of Cooling Performance of Compound Cooling Turning Tool with Internal Cooling and Spray Cooling

In order to meet the requirements of high efficiency and green sustainable machining of difficult-to-cut materials, a cooling cutting technology scheme based on external spray cooling combined with circulating internal cooling of the tool is proposed, and a turning tool with good cooling effect and no pollution is designed. The three-dimensional structure models of the common turning tool, the circulating internal cooling turning tool, the internal and spray cooling composite cooling turning tool when their cutting workpieces are established, and the fluid-solid thermal coupling simulations were carried out by FLUENT software to investigate the cooling performance of the internal cooling and spray combined cooling turning tool. Studies have shown that the cutting temperatures of the three turning tools are from low to high, followed by the internal cooling and spray cooling composite cooling turning tool, the circulating internal cooling turning tool, the common turning tool, and the composite cooling turning tool has better cooling performance than internal cooling turning tool. Furthermore, the influence of spray air pressure on cooling effect is studied. It is found that the higher the spray air pressure, the better the cooling effect, but there is no linear relationship between cooling efficiency and spray air pressure.