数控5轴龙门机床的虚拟加工系统开发

针对新研制的龙门移动式数控5轴车铣复合机床XKA2780结构复杂,已有成熟虚拟加工系统灵活性差,必须要系统厂家深度开发方能实现的问题,文章提出了一种灵活可控的虚拟加工方法,首先基于大型工程软件开发平台ACIS/HOOPS,采用组件结构树的建模方法,建立了机床各组件之间的运动学关系并开发了相应的运动控制模型;其次通过扫描包络技术研究了刀具扫描包络体生成算法;然后以刀具轨迹为引导,将生成的刀具扫描包络体与工件进行布尔运算,实现了仿真环境中工件的虚拟切削;最后,通过对典型航天零部件的加工代码仿真和现场机床切削试验,验证系统的可靠性。实践结果表明,该系统可以对加工代码进行有效验证,且运动控制可兼容各种构型数控机床。

Development of the CNC Machining Simulation System Based on Five-Axis Bridge Gantry Machine Tool

In view of the complex structure of the newly developed gantry mobile CNC five-axis turning and milling compound machine tool XKA2780,the flexibility of the mature virtual machining system is poor,which can only be realized by the in-depth development by the manufacturer,this paper proposes a flexible and controllable virtual machining method.First the kinematics relationship between each component of the machine tool is established with the component structure tree.Furthermore,the cutter scanning envelopment generation algorithm is studied.A specific model of the rod milling cutter is established.Combined with the tool path of the rod mill cutter,the generated cutter scanning envelope and the workpiece are carried out Boolean calculation.Finally,the numerical control code of a typical aviation part is verified by actual cutting.The practical result shows that the developed virtual simulation system can effectively verify the machining code,which the motion control is compatible with various configurations of CNC machine tools.