多中心治理视角下经济与生态共赢的路径与启示

改革开放40年来,我国经济飞速发展的同时也产生了一系列的生态环境问题,土壤重金属污染问题尤为严重。上世纪80年代,江西贵溪地区数家大中型冶炼、化工类企业在九牛岗区域逐渐集中,由于长期对资源的粗放型开发,高耗能、高污染、高排放加之低效率生产对贵溪J区域农田造成了严重污染,土壤重金属含量严重超标,生态环境遭到破坏。污染治理过程中,各相关主体从“各自为政”到“共同发力”,从长期得不到有效解决到多主体相互协作综合治理取得成效,走出了一条政府主导,企业主体,村民参与,社会支持的土壤重金属污染治理新路。本文着重就自然资源、环境保护与社会经济如何协调发展,探索运用多中心治理理论对土壤污染治理进行实践,推动经济发展与生态环境和谐共进。

Path Selection of Pollution Control in J Area of Guixi from Multi-center Perspective

Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China''s rapid economic development has also produced a series of ecological environmental problems, especially serious heavy metal pollution on soil. In the 1980s, several large and medium-sized smelting and chemical enterprises in Guixi of Jiangxi province had gradually concentrated in Jiuniugang area. Due to the long-term extensive development of resources, high energy-consuming, high pollution, high emission and low efficiency production of Guixi J area caused serious pollution to the farmland, the heavy metal content of soil exceeded the standard badly, and the ecological environment was destroyed. In the process of pollution control, all the relevant subjects changed from "acting independently" to "making concerted efforts", and from long-term failure to effective solution to multi-agents'' cooperation and comprehensive treatment, a new road of soil heavy metal pollution control led by the government, enterprises, villagers'' participation and social support has been found. This paper focuses on how to coordinate the development of natural resources, environmental protection and social economy, and explores the application of multi-center governance theory to the practice of soil pollution control, so as to promote the harmonious progress of economic development and ecological environment.